A Literature Review on Spinal Rod Surgery in Scoliosis Clinical Indications and Complications

Abstract

For adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients, the surgical treatment entails multisegmented pedicle screws connected by contoured bilateral rods. The rods are subjected to significant corrective stresses, and their ability to bear these pressures without permanent deformation depends on their biomechanical characteristics. These characteristics, in turn, are influenced by the rod's material, diameter, and form. A particular biomechanical silhouette is required in the surgical treatment of AIS, which differs significantly from the shape necessary to correct adult deformities. The purpose of this study is to review current knowledge of rod biomechanics concerning unusual rod constructions, intending to bridge the gap between biomechanical investigations and clinical relevance in AIS patients through translational research.

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